CT angiography | STROKE MANUAL

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

ISCHEMIC STROKE Transient ischemic attack (TIA) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 20/03/2024, published on 29/12/2023 [toc] 2021 ESO guidelines on the management of transient ischemic attack (TIA) Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is a medical emergency despite its seemingly mild course, TIA is a serious predictor of subsequent ischemic stroke and death following TIA, the risk of ... Read more

Management of intracranial stenosis

ISCHEMIC STROKE / PREVENTION Management of intracranial stenosis David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 21/03/2024, published on 10/12/2023 [toc] intracranial stenosis is a major factor that increases the risk of stroke [Bos, 2014] it is the cause of ~10% of strokes the annual risk of recurrent stroke in symptomatic IC stenosis is 4-18% EC/IC Bypass Trial, WASID ... Read more

Sturge-Weber syndrome

INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE / VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 09/11/2023, published on 02/11/2023 [toc] Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), also known as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a neurocutaneous disorder manifested by leptomeningeal and facial angiomas the facial lesion, also referred to as a nevus flammeus or port-wine birthmark (PWB), is the hallmark of the disease ... Read more

Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION)

Papilledema in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

ADD-ONS / OTHER VASCULAR DISORDERS Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 06/01/2024, published on 11/07/2023 [toc] Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (ION) is a condition characterized by significant visual impairment due to ischemia of the optic nerve ION is the second most common optic nerve disease after glaucoma in patients over 50 years of age ... Read more

Transient monocular vision loss

ADD-ONS / OTHER VASCULAR DISORDERS Transient monocular vision loss David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 01/02/2024, published on 11/07/2023 [toc] Anatomy notes ophthalmic artery (OA) is the first major branch of the internal carotid artery (ICA), and it usually arises from its supraclinoid segment various anomalies of OA origin have been reported (from the cavernous segments of ... Read more

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)

ISCHEMIC STROKE / CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOPATOGENESIS Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) formerly called Wegener´s granulomatosis David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 30/01/2024, published on 18/06/2023 [toc] granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) (formerly known as Wegener´s granulomatosis) is a necrotizing, granulomatous vasculitis primarily affecting small vessels in the upper respiratory tract, lungs, and kidneys; neurologic symptoms, including stroke, are relatively ... Read more

Vasculitis

Takayasu arteritis - wall enhancement on contrast enhanced black blood sequences

ISCHEMIC STROKE / CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOPATOGENESIS Vasculitis David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 02/03/2024, published on 24/05/2023 [toc] connective tissue disorders and vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of diseases that may have various manifestations, including stroke vasculitis is characterized by inflammation of the walls of blood vessels and may affect vessels of any size it is a ... Read more

Primary angiitis of the CNS (PACNS)

ISCHEMIC STROKE / CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOPATOGENESIS Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 15/02/2024, published on 24/05/2023 [toc] Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS), also known as primary central nervous system vasculitis, is a rare autoimmune disease affecting exclusively the blood vessels in the brain and spinal cord ... Read more

Temporal arteritis

Local findings in temporal (giant cell) arteritis

ISCHEMIC STROKE / CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOPATHOGENESIS Temporal arteritis David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 31/01/2024, published on 13/05/2023 [toc] temporal arteritis (TA), also known as giant cell arteritis (GCA), is a systemic inflammatory vasculitis of medium and large-sized arteries that primarily affects elderly adults the temporal artery is most commonly involved aorta and the subclavian, iliac, ophthalmic, ... Read more

Moyamoya disease

ISCHEMIC STROKE / CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOLOGY Moyamoya disease David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 04/03/2024, published on 11/05/2023 [toc] progressive stenoocclusive disorder affecting the terminal segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and proximal segments of the arteries forming the circle of Willis (ACA, MCA, PCA) an abnormal network of fine collateral arteries (lenticulostriate arteries, thalamic perforators, ... Read more