CT angiography | STROKE MANUAL

Diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage

SAH caused by rupture of top basilar artery aneurysm

SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE Diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 29/04/2024, published on 30/03/2021 [toc] the diagnosis of SAH should be considered in any patient presenting with a severe, sudden-onset, or rapidly worsening headache deciding which patients require evaluation for SAH is often challenging in emergency care imaging methods can confirm the diagnosis of subarachnoid ... Read more

Carotid artery occlusion

NEUROIMAGING Carotid artery occlusion David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 01/05/2024, published on 12/04/2024 [toc] Carotid artery occlusion typically results from atherosclerotic disease (with thrombosis), dissection, or embolism. The clinical significance depends on the location of the occlusion, the acuteness of the event, and the presence of collateral blood flow. Thus, it is important to evaluate the ... Read more

Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome

ADDONS / GENERAL NEUROLOGY Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 17/03/2024, published on 03/03/2024 [toc] Raeder paratrigeminal syndrome (RPS) is a rare neurologic disorder characterized by unilateral oculosympathetic paralysis (postganglionic Horner syndrome) + ipsilateral sensory and/or motor abnormalities in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve (usually the first branch) also known as Raeder syndrome ... Read more

Differential diagnosis of visual impairment

ADDONS / GENERAL NEUROLOGY Differential diagnosis of visual impairment David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 05/03/2024, published on 26/02/2024 [toc] the diagnosis of visual impairment is based on the patient's medical history, clinical examination (neurologic and ophthalmologic), and laboratory and imaging studies the nature and dynamics of the visual disturbance, together with accompanying symptoms, are essential for ... Read more

Differential diagnosis of visual impairments – test guttenberg

visual disturbance of retinal origin is usually painless with abnormal fundoscopic findings in the acute stage involvement of the inner layer of the retina (e.g., in the CRA occlusion) leads to similar visual field disturbances as lesions of the anterior optic nerve because this layer contains ganglion cells (causing most often altitudinal hemianopsia) monocular visual field defects … Read more

Varicella zoster virus vasculopathy

ISCHEMIC STROKE / CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOPATHOGENESIS Varicella-zoster virus vasculopathy David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 21/02/2024, published on 20/02/2024 [toc] varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic herpesvirus responsible for two distinct clinical conditions: varicella (primary infection) and herpes zoster (reactivation) while the cutaneous manifestation is a well-known aspect of VZV infection, the virus also harbors the potential ... Read more

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)

ADD-ONS / OTHER VASCULAR DISORDERS Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 21/03/2024, published on 01/02/2024 [toc] AHA guidelines 2021 - Management of CRA occlusion Ocular vascular disorders Ocular vascular disorders Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) anterior (AION) arteritic non-arteritic posterior (PION) Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) → more (the most common retinal vascular ... Read more

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation

INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 27/01/2024, published on 22/01/2024 [toc] cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common small vessel disease characterized by the deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) protein mainly in the media and adventitia of small- and medium-sized leptomeningeal and cortical blood vessels Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation (CAA-RI) is ... Read more

Papilledema

GENERAL NEUROLOGY Papilledema David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 15/03/2024, published on 20/01/2024 [toc] Definition the optic nerve disc (optic nerve head) is the area of the retina where the optic nerve (optic nerve, CN II) originates small, circular, slightly raised area in the retina on ophthalmoscopic examination this area lacks light-sensitive photoreceptor cells this is where ... Read more

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

ISCHEMIC STROKE Transient ischemic attack (TIA) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 20/03/2024, published on 29/12/2023 [toc] 2021 ESO guidelines on the management of transient ischemic attack (TIA) Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is a medical emergency despite its seemingly mild course, TIA is a serious predictor of subsequent ischemic stroke and death following TIA, the risk of ... Read more