dwi | STROKE MANUAL

Etiologic classification of ischemic stroke

ISCHEMIC STROKE / CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOLOGY Etiologic classification of ischemic stroke David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 24/03/2024, published on 19/04/2023 [toc] individualized stroke prevention is based on the presumed underlying etiology ( patients with symptomatic high-grade carotid stenosis can be treated with CEA, while patients with cardioembolic infarcts caused by AFib are treated with anticoagulants) the use ... Read more

Assessment and classification of atherosclerotic plaques

ISCHEMIC STROKE / ETIOLOGY Assessment and classification of atherosclerotic plaques David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 18/11/2023, published on 18/04/2023 Atherosclerosis atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic, progressive systemic disease affecting the arterial wall that is a leading cause of death and disability in developed countries the disease involves the accumulation of lipids, calcium, and other blood components ... Read more

Neurological complications during extracorporeal circulation

Multiple emboli on DWI after surgery in ECC

ISCHEMIC STROKE / ETIOPATOGENESIS AND CLASSIFICATION Neurological complications during extracorporeal circulation David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 11/01/2024, published on 14/04/2023 [toc] neurological complications of cardiac surgery are serious, increasing mortality, length of hospital stay, and costs fatal cerebral infarction and severe diffuse encephalopathy with dementia represent the extremes in the spectrum of disabilities that can result ... Read more

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy with repeated lobar hematomas

CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 05/05/2024, published on 13/04/2023 [toc] Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) is a heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by deposition of amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) in the walls of small to medium-sized cerebral and leptomeningeal vessels in the absence of systemic amyloidosis; this accumulation can ... Read more

Diabetes mellitus

ISCHEMIC STROKE / PREVENTION / RISK FACTORS Diabetes mellitus David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 05/02/2024, published on 20/02/2023 [toc] Definition diabetes is a syndrome characterized by the inability of the body to process glucose and maintain its levels within physiological limits due to absolute (↓ secretion) or relative insulin deficiency (↑ resistance), resulting in altered glycide, ... Read more

Smoking

ISCHEMIC STROKE / PREVENTION Smoking David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 07/05/2024, published on 20/02/2023 [toc] Smoking and risk of stroke smoking is classified as a disease (dg. F17 - drug addiction) cigarette smoking and passive smoking are both significant independent risk factors for ischemic stroke (1.5-2 fold risk) [Peters, 2013] the excess risk of stroke is ... Read more

Stroke and migraine

Young female migraineur complained of prolonged visual aura and vertigo followed by migrainous headache. DWI demonstrated small cortical infarction in the right occipital lobe

ISCHEMIC STROKE / CLASSIFICATION AND ETIOPATOGENESIS Stroke and migraine David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 06/11/2023, published on 17/02/2023 [toc] migraine is the most common neurological disorder, affecting 10-15% of the adult population there is increasing evidence of an association between migraine and vascular disease (ischemic stroke, subclinical brain lesions, cardiac events, and vascular mortality) [Lee, 2016] ... Read more

Stroke and idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs)

ISCHEMIC STROKE / ETIOPATHOGENESIS Stroke and idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 10/01/2024, published on 16/02/2023 [toc] idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with unknown etiopathogenesis. Generallly, idiopathic IBDs include the following forms: ulcerative colitis (UC) - characterized by transmural segmental involvement Crohn's disease (CD) ... Read more

Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome

Cerebral hyperfusion syndrome - enhancement on FLAIR (HARM)

ADD-ONS Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 24/04/2024, published on 04/02/2023 [toc] Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome (CHS) is a clinical condition characterized by a significant increase in cerebral blood flow that exceeds the autoregulatory capacity of the brain, leading to a spectrum of neurological symptoms CHS can occur within hours to days after a ... Read more

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA)

Surgical treatment of an acute ischemic stroke

ISCHEMIC STROKE / PREVENTION Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) David Goldemund M.D.Updated on 26/04/2024, published on 31/01/2023 [toc] carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is the gold standard for treating significant carotid artery stenosis (both symptomatic and asymptomatic) randomized trials have confirmed that CEA is more effective than conservative treatment: symptomatic stenosis (NASCET, ECST, joint data analysis of ACTS, NASCET, ... Read more